Interactive 3x3 permission grid for Owner, Group, and Others. Instantly computes numeric octal masks, symbolic notation, SUID/SGID bits, and terminal commands.
chmod 755 /var/www/html
Configuring proper permissions prevents privilege escalation attacks, web shell execution, and unauthorized modifications on production servers.
Use this calculator to toggle read, write, and execute permissions, inspect octal and symbolic strings, and copy production-tested chmod commands.
The digits represent permissions for Owner (7 = rwx = 4+2+1), Group (5 = r-x = 4+0+1), and Others (5 = r-x = 4+0+1).
Chmod 755 grants execution privileges to everyone (standard for directories and scripts), while chmod 644 allows reading for all but execution for none (standard for static web files and documents).
SUID (4) runs executables with the file owner permissions. SGID (2) causes files in a directory to inherit group ownership. Sticky Bit (1, chmod 1777 /tmp) prevents users from deleting files owned by others in shared directories.
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